Baringa ku cyiswe ‘‘balkanisation’’ y’u Rwanda kuri RDC

Aba batifuza ko amahoro agaruka muri RDC, bakomeje guhimba ikinyoma ko u Rwanda rushaka kwigarura Uburasirazuba bwayo, bagamije kubiba urwango ku Banyarwanda n’Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda.

Ibivugwa bisa no kureba filimi mbarankuru y’intambara zabaye mu kinyejana cya 20 mu Burayi bw’Amajyepfo, mu gace kiswe ‘les Balkans’, ubu kigizwe n’ibihugu nka Bulgarie, Croatie, u Bugiriki, Roumanie, Slovénie, Albanie, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Kosovo, Macédoine y’Amajyaruguru, Monténégro, Serbie na Turquie; byari byarigaruriwe n’Ubwami bw’Abami bwa Ottoman, bukabiremamo uduhugu twinshi.

Igitandukanye muri uyu mwaka wa 2020, ni uko ibi bivugirwa mu mihanda ya Kinshasa, aho ababiyoboye badakomoka muri Hongrie cyangwa Turikiya, bahora baririmba bati ‘‘balkanisation ntikabe kuri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.’’

Mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, ijambo ‘balkanisation’ ryatangiye kuhumvikana mu mpera y’imyaka ya 1990, ubwo u Rwanda na Uganda byateraga icyahoze cyitwa Zaïre. Abazayirwa bari bafite ubwoba ko abaturanyi babo babiri bagiye kwisubiza ibice bahoranye mbere y’uko Abanyaburayi bigabagabanya Afurika, ariko ntibyigeze biba.
Iyi mitekerereze yongeye kumvikana nyuma y’aho Joseph Kabila agiriye ku butegetsi mu 2001. Abamurwanya bavugaga ko afite inkomoko mu Rwanda kandi akaba afite uruhare mu mugambi mpuzamahanga wo gucamo ibice RDC, ibice byayo by’Uburasirazuba bikize ku mabuye y’agaciro bikomekwa ku Rwanda.

Kujya ku butegetsi kwa Félix Tshisekedi bigaragara ko ntacyo byahinduye. Ubu iyo ntero n’inyikirizo biri kuzamurwa n’Ihuriro ry’Amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’Ubutegetsi ya Lamuka ririmo na Martin Fayulu watsinzwe mu matora y’umukuru w’igihugu aheruka. Ibyavuye mu matora yari ahanganiyemo na Félix Tshisekedi byagaragaje ko yabaye uwa kabiri ariko Inama nkuru ya Kiliziya Gatolika muri RDC yo yavuze ko ariwe watsinze. Yaba Lamuka na Kiliziya ntibigeze bemera ko Fayulu yatsinzwe.

Kubiba urwango

Ku ruhande rwe nka Perezida watowe, Félix Tshisekedi, yahisemo kuzahura umubano w’igihugu cye n’u Rwanda, mbere yo kohereza umubare w’ingabo za Congo mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu ngo zijye kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro yahagize akarima kayo.

Ubu Ingabo za Congo (FARDC) zimaze kwigarurira ibice byinshi byari byarayogojwe n’iyo mitwe; ku buryo n’iyo gahunda yo kwigarurira ibice bya RDC iyo iza kuba ihari, icyizere cyayo ubu kiri kubarirwa ku busa.

Abarwanya ubutegetsi mu RDC bahisemo kubiba urwango ku Banyarwanda n’Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda kugira ngo bace intege umubano mwiza uri kubagarirwa hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC.

Ariko n’ubundi abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi nta nyungu bafite mu kuba amahoro yagaruka muri RDC. Mu myaka 25 ishize, ikibazo cy’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC cyafashije abari abami b’intambara kwigwizaho imitungo no kwinjira mu bikorwa bya politiki cyangwa igisirikare.

Urugero rwa hafi ni umutwe wa ADF-Nalu ukomoka muri Uganda, wigize nka ba kavukire, ukaba uterwa inkunga n’uwahoze ari umunyapolitiki ku butegetsi bwa Kabila, Mbusa Nyamwisi, ubu wituriye muri Uganda.

Uyu Mbusa Nyamwisi yanahoze ari mu ihuriro Lamuka, nyuma aza kwitandukanya naryo.

Mu gihe RDC iri kugerageza kwivana mu ntambara imaze imyaka irenga 20, cyane cyane hashingiwe ku mibanire myiza n’abaturanyi bo mu Burasirazuba, abarwanya ubutegetsi bakomeje kubiba urwango ku Banyarwanda, ariko si n’Abanyarwanda, ahubwo ni abo bita ko bakomoka mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi n’Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda mu rwego rwo guca intege umubano mwiza hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC.

Ikinyoma

Igitangaje ni uko imvugo ya ‘‘balkanisation’’ ari ikirego kidafite ishingiro. Mu gihe Umuhuzabikorwa w’Ihuriro ry’abatavuga rumwe n’Ubutegetsi, Lamuka, wanahoze ari Minisitiri w’Intebe, Adolphe Muzito, yagaragaje mu buryo bweruye ko ashaka gutera u Rwanda byanashoboka bakarwomeka kuri RDC; uyu ni na we ushinja u Rwanda kugambirira kwigarurira ibice by’igihugu cye.

Nubwo bashinje Joseph Kabila gufatanya n’u Rwanda muri uwo mugambi akiri ku butegetsi, ubu bakaba bageze kuri Félix Tshisekedi, ubwabo bigeze gukorana n’u Rwanda mu bihe byatambutse. Ibi bigaragaza ikinyoma gikomeye kandi cyumvikana.

Byongeye kandi muri gahunda y’ubuhahirane busesuye mu Muryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe n’ubusabe bwa RDC bwo kwinjira mu Muryango wa Afurika y’Uburasirazuba (EAC), bigaragara ko kwigarurira ubutaka bw’ikindi gihugu byaba ari amafuti.

Aho gutanga ibisubizo by’ibibazo nyabyo Abanye-Congo bafite ubu nk’ubushomeri, kutagira inganda zihagije no kwangiza ibikorwa remezo, kwangirika kw’ibikorwaremezo n’ibindi bishobora gusunikira urubyiruko rudafite akazi kwishora mu byaha cyangwa kwinjira mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro, […] abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi muri RD Congo bahisemo gushyushya imitwe y’abaturage babo bakoresheje imitekerereze ishaje.

Gukoma mu nkokora u Rwanda cyangwa ikindi gihugu cyo mu Karere ntibyongera umusaruro; ntibirema imirimo kandi ntibinazana ubukungu.

Abavuga ‘‘balkanisation’’ ntibigeze bakandagiza ikirenge ku mupaka uhuza u Rwanda na RDC, umwe mu inyurwaho na benshi ku Isi; ntibigeze byibura banumva ubuhamya bw’abagore bahakorera ubucuruzi, bahambukira inshuro nyinshi ku munsi bashaka imibereho.

Ubukungu nyabwo bwa RDC ni abaturage bayo. Muri Afurika yose, umutungo kamere ubyarira inyungu ibigo mpuzamahanga biwubyaza umusaruro n’abayobozi bamwe na bamwe bahabwa utuvungukira n’icyizere cyo kubarindira ubutegetsi bwabo.

Ku ngoma ya Félix Tshisekedi, RDC ifite amahirwe yo guhinduka igihugu kirimo amahoro kandi gitera imbere; ariko kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho birasaba ko bigirwamo uruhare n’impande zitandukanye zigize ubukungu nyabwo bwa RDC.

Gushaka kwihorera ku Rwanda barugira umwanzi bahuriyeho ni igitekerezo gifutamye cyabafasha kwihuza ariko ntibirambe.