Inzira y’umuganura ni imwe muri 18 zari zigize inzira z’Ubwiru mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami. Inzira z’ubwiru zarimo iz’ubukungu, iz’umutekano w’igihugu n’izo gukomeza Ubwami. Zari zigizwe kandi n’urusobe rw’imihango n’imigenzo bifite amategeko agena uko bikorwa mu bihe runaka nk’uko bikorwa mu madini y’ubu.
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Abashinzwe iyo mihango bitwaga Abiru
Umusaza w’umunyamateka Nsanzabaganwa Straton ufite imyaka isaga mirongo irindwi n’itanu y’amavuko, avuga ko inzira z’ubwiru muri iki gihe zagereranywa n’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika.
Ati, “Inzira z’ubwiru zerekanaga uko igihugu kiyoborwa mu bihe runaka, niba hateye inzara hakaba inzira igihugu kigomba kunyuramo, kugira ngo bahangane n’icyo kibazo. Izo nzira nkaba nazigereranya n’itegeko Nshinga, naho Abiru bari bashinzwe iyo mihango, kuri ubu mbona byahuza urukiko rw’ikirenga, inteko ishinga amategeko na Sena bikajya hamwe, kuko ari nabyo bishyiraho ayo mategeko bikanabishyira mu bikorwa.”
Inzira y’umuganura yakorwagamo imihango ngarukamwaka igamije gufasha Abanyarwanda kweza imyaka myinshi igihugu kikagira uburumbuke.
Uyu muhango waheraga i Bwami, Umwami agatanga umuganura bagasangira bishimira umusaruro igihugu cyejeje.
Kuva ku Ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana, kugeza ku Ngoma ya Ndahiro Cyamatare, inzira y’umuganura mu Rwanda yarakorwaga. Gusa Umuganura waje kugira agaciro gakomeye ku ngoma ya Ruganzu II Ndori, ubwo yabundukaga aribyo gutahuka k’Umwami agasanga igihugu kimaze imyaka 11 kitagira Umwami nta n’umuganura utangwa.
Umusaza Muvunanyambo Appolinaire umwe mu bagize Inteko Izirikana, kimwe na bagenzi be, bavuga ko umuganura wongeye guhuza Abanyarwanda nyuma y’iyo myaka.
Ati, “Ruganzu amaze guhuza igihugu yagombaga gushyira imbaraga nyinshi ku bumwe abanyarwanda bakongera guhuhira ku gihugu kimwe, Umwami umwe, umuco umwe. Niyo mpamvu yashyize imbaraga ku muganura, kuko ufite ibintu 3 biwuranga bikomeye, birimo ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda, gukunda igihugu, no gukunda umurimo.”
Naho Nsanzabaganwa ati, “Abaturage bakoranyaga imyaka hirya no hino mu gihugu bakayijyana i Bwami, ku munsi w’umuganura, Umwami agapfukama agafata umwuko akavuga umutsima afatanyije n’umuganuza, umwamikazi n’umugabekazi bakarya bakanywa, ndetse bakaza kunywa n’inzoga, bagatarama bakaza kuvuga ibigwi by’ibyo bakoze mu gihugu.
Hakaza kubaho imihigo bakiyemeza ibyo bazakora, nyuma Umwami agafata amasuka akayabahereza akababwira ati ‘mugende muhinge mweze, mworore zigwire, mubyare mwororoke, ubwo rero akaba abahaye umugisha.”
Umuhango w’umuganura mu Rwanda waje guhagarara ku ngoma ya Musinga, ubwo umwiru Gashamura ka Rukangirashyamba wari ushinzwe imihango yawo yacirirwaga i Burundi mu mwaka wa 1925.
Uyu Gashamura ni umwe uvugwa mu nsigamigani igira iti ‘yaragashize nka Gashamura’, abazungu baje kumurega kuvanga amasaka n’Amasakaramentu, bishatse kuvuga ko Abanyarwanda n’umwami wabo Musinga batsimbaraye ku mihango gakondo irimo umuganura w’amasaka, banga kuyoboka iyobakamana abazungu bazanye n’ugerageje akabivanga byombi.
Kuri iyi ngingo, Nsanzabaganwa yagize ati, “Abazungu baraje babonye ubumwe, ubufatanye, ubusabane bw’abanyarwanda hagati y’abaturage n’abayobozi, baravuga bati ibi ntabwo ari byo, baherako birukana umuganuza mukuru witwaga Gashamura ndetse baherako bakuraho itorero ryatangaga uburere mboneragihugu.”
Umuganura ni umwe mu mihango gakondo ushobora kunganira gahunda zitandukanye z’ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco, mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu no kumurikira abanyarwanda ndetse n’abanyamahanga urusobe rw’ibiranga umurage w’u Rwanda, kuko imfatiro umuco wa buri shyanga wubakiraho kandi zikawukomerezamo abawusangiye ari imihango imigenzo ndetse n’imiziririzo.
