Kayezu Adelphine (amazina yahawe ku mpamvu z’umutekano we), uvuka mu kagari ka Mpondwa, Umurenge wa Gitoki, Akarere ka Gatsibo, avuga ko yatewe inda afite imyaka 15, nyuma yo guhabwa n’umuhungu imiti imusinziriza kugira ngo amusambanye, bikarangira anamuteye inda.
Uyu mukobwa w’imyaka 17 kuri ubu, avuga ko ibi byamubayeho ubwo yari yaje i Kigali gusura imiryango yabo ituyeyo, ngo akaza gusabwa n’umuhungu kumusura, bikarangira amusambanyije.
Iyo uganiriye nawe, uba ubona afite agahinda ku maso, akakubwira ko ibyabaye nawe yabonye bimugwirira, akongeraho ko byamuteye igikomere atazapfa yibagiwe, kuko ngo n’ubuzima bubi abayeho kuri ubu, ari ingaruka z’ibyo yahuye nabyo.
Agira ati, “Nagiyeyo nzi ngo ngiye kumusura bisanzwe, kuko twajyaga tuvugana ariko bitari cyane, ngezeyo anyakiriza fanta kuko njye ibintu by’inzoga sinigeze nanabigerageza. Ibyakurikiyeho rero, nanjye simbizi, kuko nashidutse nambaye ubusa ndi ku buriri, numva n’ibintu yabirangije! Numvishe mbuze aho nkwirwa, ntangira kurira, ariko biba iby’ubusa. Nkeka ko hari ibintu yamvangiyemo, kuko uretse kuba mperuka ayimpa, nta kindi namenye, usibye kwisanga yamaze kunsambanya.”
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Akomeza agira ati, “Nyuma igihe nari nsanzwe ngira mu mihango cyarageze ndayibura, kandi nayijyagamo akenshi ku itariki imwe, mpita menya ko ntwite. Icyo nakwita inzira y’Umusaraba kuri njye yatangiye icyo gihe, kuko ubuzima bubi mbayemo n’uyu munsi nibwo nabutangiye. Iwacu twavutse turi abana barindwi, kandi tubana na Mama gusa, kuko Papa yaradutaye. Gutwita rero ukanatwitira mu bukene, ubuzima buhita buhinduka umwanda.”
Kayezu uvuga akagera aho n’ikiniga kikaza, ahamya ko ibyamubayeho byamuteye igikomere gikomeye, kugeza n’ubwo yashatse kwiyahura kubera kunanirwa kubyakira, arokorwa na Mama we wagerageje kumwumvisha ko ibyamubayeho bidakwiye gutuma yivutsa ubuzima.
Ati, “Nagerageje kwiyahura, kuko ntumvaga uburyo nzaba umubyeyi ku myaka 15 kandi nanjye nari nkiri umwana wo kurerwa, nkibaza uburyo uwo nzabyara azabaho kandi natwe iwacu tutishoboye, uburyo ntazabasha gukomeza ishuri, uko bagenzi banjye bazajya bamfata, n’ibindi byinshi, ariko Mama ansaba kubyakira. Uriya muhungu yarampemukiye bikabije, kuburyo nakomeje kwibaza ku maherezo y’ubuzima bwanjye bimviramo no kubyara umwana udashyitse.”
Uwamuteye inda baherukana amusambanya
Kayezu avuga ko ibyo bikimara kuba, uwo musore yahise akuraho telefone burundu, ku buryo ngo kugeza ubu atazi n’irengero rye.
Ati, “Nakomeje kurwana n’umutima, ari nako ngerageza nimero ye, ariko nkumva ntiriho, nyuma nza kwigira inama yo gusubira kumushaka aho yabaga, ntungurwa no kubwirwa ko uwo muntu batanamuzi! Kuva icyo gihe kugeza n’ubu sinzi iyo aba, kandi nabyo biri mu binshengura, kuko ubwabyo kuba Umwana wanjye atazigera amenya Se, kubihuza n’igikomere cy’ibyambayeho birandemereye.
Kayezu kandi, avuga ko kuri ubu atorohewe n’akato ahabwa, haba mu muryango we no muri bagenzi be, ndetse ngo no kurera umwana kandi nawe akiri undi, bisa nk’ibyamuteye ihungabana n’ikimwaro ku buryo nan’ubu atari yabasha kwiyakira.
Ubuyobozi buvuga iki kuri iki kibazo?
Gasana Richard, Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Gatsibo, avuga ko Abasambanya Abana bakwiye kumenya ko ari icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko bakabizibukira, kuko ngo usibye ibyo, baba bangije ejo hazaza h’umwana n’ah’Igihugu muri rusange.
Ati,“Buriya abakora biriya akenshi baba bashaka kwimara irari, ariko ntibatekereza ku buzima bw’umwana bangirije, ingaruka ku muryango akomokamo n’uzamukomokaho, ndetse n’ingaruka zabageraho bo ubwabo mu gihe baramuka bafashwe, kuko rwose umuntu wese wasambanyije umwana ntakwiye kwihanganirwa na gato.
Iyo umwana asambanyijwe, ejo he haba hangiritse, kandi bikagira ingaruka ku muryango akomokamo, kuko aba awuhaye umukoro wo kurera abana babiri kandi wenda nawo(umuryango) wari usanzwe ntako wimereye. Ikindi nuko aba yangije ejo hazaza h’igihugu. Urumva biva ku wasambanyijwe nyirizina bikajya ku muryango akomokamo, Sosiyete abamo, n’igihugu muri Rusange, kuko iyo wa mwana ataye ishuri cyangwa akandagara, igihugu kiba gitakaje imbaraga.”
Akomeza agira ati, “Turasaba ababyeyi kujya begera abana babo bakabaganiriza ku buzima bw’imyororokere, bakabibutsa ko badakwiye kugwa mu mitego y’ababashuka bashaka kubasambanya, ndetse no mu gihe byabaye, bakihutira kugeza uwasambanyijwe ku ivuriro(Isange one stop center), kugira ngo ahabwe imiti imurinda kwandura indwara zishobora kwandurira muri uko gusambanywa, ndetse n’imurinda kuba yatwara inda, ari nako batanga amakuru yizewe kugira ngo uwakoze ayo mahano abiryozwe ataragerageza gutoroka.”
Nkundimfura Rosette Umukozi ushinzwe kubaka Ubushobozi mu Mpuzamiryango Pro-Femmes Twese Hamwe, yabwiye UMURENGEZI.COM ko abantu bahuye n’ibibazo nk’ibyo, hari uburyo bwashyizweho bwo kubafasha binyuze mu mikoranire n’inzego za Leta, burimo kubona ubutabera, ubujyanama, no kubabumbira mu matsinda, kugira ngo bwa bufasha bubagenewe bubashe kubagezwaho.
Agira ati, “Abahuye n’ibibazo nk’ibyo, icyo dukora mbere na mbere ni ukubafasha kubona ubutabera, ariko hakabaho no kubahuriza mu matsinda abafasha kubitsa no kugurizanya, ku buryo ageraho akumva ubuzima arimo ari ibintu bisanzwe, bikamurinda kwa kwiheba no kumva yakwiyahura agasiga umuryango n’umwana yabyaye. Ikindi tubashishikariza, ni ugusiga ibibazo inyuma bagakora baharanira iterambere. Turabasaba rero kujya bitabira gahunda za Leta nk’Umuganda, Inteko z’Abaturage, n’ibindi, kuko niho izo gahunda zose zivugirwa.”
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza iki?
Imibare iheruka gushyirwa ahagaragara n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB), igaragaza ko mu birego igezwaho, ibyo gusambanya abana kuva mu 2018 kugeza mu 2021 byazamutseho 55% bigera kuri 12,840.
Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bwagaragaje ko abana benshi basambanywa ari abafite hagati y’imyaka 14 na 17, kuko mu myaka itatu abasambanyijwe ari 5,947 bagakurikirwa n’abari munsi y’imyaka icyenda bangana na 4,378.
Abantu benshi basambanya aba bana, hagaragajwe ko ari urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 18 na 24, kandi benshi muri aba ari abagabo bakiri ingaragu babashukisha ibintu bitandukanye birimo impano, akazi cyangwa kubabwira ko bazashyingiranwa.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bana bari hagati y’imyaka 10 na 17 bo mu turere twa Bugesera, Gatsibo, Nyaruguru n’utugize Umujyi wa Kigali, bugaragaza ko 60.8% by’abana basambanyijwe n’abaturanyi babo, 19.2% bagasambanywa n’inshuti zabo, mu gihe hari abandi basambanyijwe n’abagize umuryango, inshuti, abarimu, abanyeshuri bigana, abakozi cyangwa abandi bagenda mu ngo ndetse na baramu babo.
Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango (Migeprof), tariki ya 02 Gashyantare 2023, ubwo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba habaga inama mpuzabikorwa yaganiraga ku iterambere ry’umuryango, yatangaje ko kuva muri Nyakanga kugera mu Ukuboza 2022, abakobwa ibihumbi 13 bari munsi y’imyaka 19 ari bo batewe inda imburagihe mu Rwanda, mu gihe imibare iheruka ya 2021, igaragaza ko Intara y’Iburasirazuba ari yo iyoboye izindi mu kugira umubare munini w’abana baterwa inda buri mwaka, kuko igaragaza ko mu gihugu hose abakobwa ibihumbi 23, aribo batewe inda imburagihe bari munsi y’imyaka 18, harimo 9,188 bo muri iyi Ntara. Uturere dufite abakobwa babyaye benshi ni Nyagatare ifite 904, Gatsibo ifite 892 na Bugesera ifite 689.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (DHS 2019/2020), cyo kigaragaza ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bugaragaza ko 5% by’abana b’abakobwa bafite imyaka kuva kuri 15 kugeza kuri 19, ubu ari ababyeyi bafite abana barera.
Itegeko riteganya iki ku wasambanyije Umwana?
Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, mu ngingo yaryo y’123, ivuga ko umuntu uhamwe n’icyaha cyo gufata umwana ku ngufu ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka makumyabiri (20), ariko na none itarenga makumyabiri n’itanu (25).
Iri tegeko risobanura icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nka kimwe mu bikorwa bishingiye ku gitsina aribyo: gushyira igitsina mu gitsina, mu kibuno cyangwa mu kanwa k’umwana; 2º gushyira urugingo urwo arirwo rwose rw’umubiri w’umuntu mu gitsina, cyangwa mu kibuno cy’umwana; 3º gukora ikindi gikorwa cyose ku mubiri w’umwana hagamijwe ishimishamubiri.
Iyi ngingo ikomeza ivuga ko iyo gusambanya umwana byakorewe ku mwana uri munsi y’imyaka cumi n’ine (14), igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanywa, kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. Iyo gusambanya umwana ufite cyangwa urengeje imyaka cumi n’ine (14) byamuteye indwara idakira cyangwa ubumuga, igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu.
Iyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nk’umugabo n’umugore, igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanywa, kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. Iyo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana cyakozwe hagati y’abana bafite nibura imyaka cumi n’ine (14) nta kiboko cyangwa ibikangisho byakoreshejwe, nta gihano gitangwa. Icyakora, iyo umwana ufite imyaka cumi n’ine (14) ariko utarageza ku myaka cumi n’umunani (18) asambanyije umwana uri munsi y’imyaka cumi n’ine (14), ahanwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 54 y’iri tegeko.
Iyi ngingo ya 54 irebana n’ihanwa ry’umuntu ufite imyaka iri hagati ya cumi n’ine (14) na cumi n’umunani (18) y’amavuko, yo ivuga ko iyo uwahamwe n’icyaha yari afite nibura imyaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko ariko atarageza ku myaka cumi n’umunani (18) mu gihe icyaha cyakorwaga, ibihano bitangwa ni ibi bikurikira: igifungo cy’imyaka itari munsi y’icumi (10) ariko itarenga cumi n’itanu (15), iyo yari guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu; igihano kidashobora kurenga kimwe cya kabiri (1/2) cy’igihano yagombaga guhanishwa, iyo yari guhanishwa igifungo kimara igihe kizwi cyangwa igihano cy’ihazabu. Ibihano bivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo ni nabyo bihabwa icyitso iyo cyari gifite nibura imyaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko, ariko kitarageza ku myaka cumi n’umunani (18) mu gihe icyaha cyakorwaga.
